White paper introduction to edfa technology june 2009 1 introduction shortly after their commercialization in the early 1990s, erbium doped fiber amplifiers edfa s became a key enabling technology for optical communication networks, and have since comprised the vast majority of all optical amplifiers deployed in the field. An optical amplifier pump laser reference design based on the amc7820 rick downs data acquisition products abstract the amc7820 is an integrated circuit designed for analog monitoring and control. Analyzing gain spectrum and ase amplified spontaneous. Dual, lowpower, highspeed, fixedgain operational amplifier. This is the same thing we did in our study of bjt amplifier design and just like then, it. Each amplifier input port has one voa to change the gain. As we know, there are several types of optical amplifiers. Raman amplifier archives tutorials of fiber optic products. Pdf high gain rf amplifier for very low frequency receiver. Also, you will measure and calculate the amplifier voltage gain gvout vin where vin is the input ac voltage and. As the power in the input signal is increased, there must be a power at which the amplifier gain decreases. Measurement of edfa gain using an optical spectrum analyzer osa, can be performed simply by comparing the edfa optical input and output levels. Its core is the erbiumdoped optical fiber, which is typically a singlemode fiber. As a result, the common base amplifier is not a dominant pole amplifier the shuntshunt miller feedback is positive.
In this circuit, q1 is the input transistor, held at a constant voltage by q2. Includes standard parameters for erbium or ytterbiumdoped fiber amplifiers. The circuit was designed with gain control happening at the input of the circuit. Rc is called the collector resistor and re the emitter resistor. Purpose of the experiment understand the principle of operation of the erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa. Helmy department of electrical and computer engineering, university of toronto, 10 kings college road, toronto, on m5s 3g4, canada. The optical input power controls the edfa saturation state and gain.
The signal to be amplified and a pump laser are multiplexed into a. Pdf edfa gain flattening using cascaded fiber bragg gratings. Gains of 50 db are achieved with modern amplifiers. If cb is used with high voltage gain its input impedance may become inductive. Introduction erbium doped fiber amplifier edfa is an imperative element in dwdm networks. The ad8223 has a wide input commonmode range and can amplify signals that. Allow a wide range of useful transfer functions to be realized. Gain transfer function from input to output of a circuit, amplifier, network in simplest form, a ratio voltvolt, voltamp, wattwatt often complex, having magnitude and phase voltage gain, power gain, current gain, etc. Gain and noise figure performance of erbium doped fiber amplifiers edfa a. Operational amplifier circuits could be used to add, subtract, average, integrate. Miniscalco abstract we have experimentally and theoretically investi gated the effects of detuning the pump wavelength on the gain and noise properties of smallsignal, erbiumdoped fiber ampli. In the edfa case it is generated directly in the optical fibre but in the case of soa it happens directly in the structure of the semiconductor.
The voltage gain of a noninverting amplifier will always be greater than the gain of an equivalent inverting amplifier by a value of 1. Implementation of three functional devices using erbiumdoped fibers. Single input, balanced output differential amplifier. Place modest demands on the op amps gain bandwidth product, output impedance, slew rate, and other specifications 4.
A large signal input power is considered in this case, since high signal input helps to produce high output power, which is necessary to boosterpower amplifiers. Comparison of the optical amplifiers edfa and soa based on. The array erbium doped fiber amplifier is an 8x edfa, it include 4x add amplifier and 4x drop amplifier, each edfa is working independently, not affected by the other 7 edfas. This type of fiber is called erbiumdoped fiber, and is the key component in amplifying an optical signal in an edfa. The opamp is composed by several transistors and passive elements resistors and capacitors and arranged such that its low. Classification of the temperaturedependent gain of an. The closed loop voltage gain of an inverting op amp is given as. Plot the gain versus pump power for various fiber lengths at a single wavelength 2. Class a power amplifier is a type of power amplifier where the output transistor is on full time and the output current flows for the entire cycle of the input wave form. Experiment on erbiumdoped fiber amplifiers li qian advanced labs for special topics in photonics ece 1640h university of toronto april 28,1998 1. Based on the latest gan amplifier technology, the cx3 offers high output level umax 106. Precision instrumentation amplifier datasheet texas instruments. Because the circuit shown in figure 29 has no highfrequency compensation, it would not be a very practical video amplifier. The default operating mode is automatic gain control.
Gain analysis of edf amplifier based wdm system using. Application of opamp as inverting amplifier, noninverting. Patrick quilter, chief technical officer qsc audio products, inc. Without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal, the optical amplifiers are now used instead of repeaters. Chapter3 wideband amplifier amplifier field effect. The script calculates and plots the power evolution in the amplifier and the amplified spontaneous emission ase spectra.
With respect to the figure to the right a modified version of figure 6. Erbium doped fiber amplifier edfa is a optical amplifier that uses a fiber which has been lightly doped with rare earth ion i. A dynamic simulink model for erbiumdoped fiber amplifiers. In this study, the experimental results of an erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa system designed and experimentally installed in the cband were classified by using data mining methods. The particular configuration of a video amplifier depends upon. Techniques are needed for stability analysis of these amplifiers for dc operating point analysis, commonly called local stability analysis. An optical amplifier pump laser reference design based on.
Due to the small transition cross sections, the saturation energy is fairly high, e. Edfa single pass gain calculator file exchange matlab. These gains were achieved precisely by using an operational amplifier in the weighted summer configuration see figure 3. Its features are put to use in this reference design for laser and thermoelectric cooler control in edfa and raman optical amplifiers. Ultrafast automatic gain controlled optical fiber amplifier. In steady state, dn2 dt 0, the ratio of level 1 and level 2 population to the total population can be written as. Frequency response amplifiers do not have the same gain at all frequencies. Our products achieve gain deviation edfa module covers all automatic control. Dual, lowpower, highspeed, fixedgain operational amplifier using complementary commonemitter outputs provides an output swing to within 30mv of ground 2 high bandwidth. Additionally, the design, development and characterization of a high gain rf amplifier for very low frequency receiver application using jfet and opamp was presented in 20. Class a power amplifier circuit theory design circuit.
Onchip laser trimmed resistors accurately set a fixed gain of 100. Dual input, unbalanced output differential amplifier. These are the particular properties that make the amplifier perform in a certain way, and so make it suitable for a given task. Post a pdf data sheet to our openindex product research engine. Class a power amplifier is the simplest of all power amplifier configurations. The gain and bandwidth of the amplifier is digitally programmable. The em316ea family of cband edfa optical amplifiers is part of the fiber driver optical multiservice platform solution.
A new wideband amplifier technique circuits and systems. Pdf gain and noise figure performance of erbium doped. In terms of gain saturation, fiber amplifiers are very different from semiconductor optical amplifiers soas. In this paper, erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa gain flatness is studied using cascaded fiber bragg gratings fbgs with different numbers. We proceed here with both forms and get, up to this point no attention was given to actual parameter values. When the pump has been depleted, the signal starts to be reabsorbed. The design is based on a simple tectilque that has a broad range of applications and is characterized by a. Doped fiber amplifiers dfas are optical amplifiers that use a doped optical fiber as a gain medium to amplify an optical signal. Fully updated to address cuttingedge technologies, the new edition of this practical guide provides comprehensive, stateoftheart coverage of rf and microwave power amplifier design. Re is actually two resistors in series one of which will be call rg and is called the gain resistor since it controls the voltage gain or amplification. Implementation of three functional devices using erbium. Chapter3 wideband amplifier free download as powerpoint presentation.
The fg edfa can be softwareconfigured as a pre amplifier, booster or inline amplifier, thus allowing a single partnumber to address different network functions. Opt edfa 35 2 edfa amplifier units embedded into the card, amplification of the input signal at line1rx port towards line2tx port through a truevariable gain edfa 2 block, and amplification of the input signal at line2rx port towards line1tx port through a truevariable gain edfa. Erbium doped fibre amplifiers edfa, featuring high gain over a large bandwidth, low intrinsic losses and long fluorescence times, have emerged over the past decades as key enabling components in wdm systems. Dc solution a replace the capacitors with open circuits. The first implementation of active fiber optic amplifier was demonstrated in 1994 with erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa. If we apply a voltage at e in the open loop model, each input terminal has infinite impedance so no current can flow into an input terminal even with a voltage source or a ground applied. Cisco ncs 2000 series line card configuration guide. The gain of an amplifier is governed, not only by the components transistors etc.
The negative sign of the closedloop gain equation indicates that the output is inverted with respect to the input applied. In this paper we show that ase have some effect on predictions in the high gain low saturation regime. Transducer power gain the most commonly used definition of power gain is the socalled transducer gain g t defined. Practically noninverting amplifiers will have a resistor in series with the input voltage source, to keep the input current same at both input terminals. We developed the agc edfa using highspeed voa and measured its transient performance in a 40 channel adddrop operation. Gmrout transconductance example ee105 spring 2008 lecture 20, slide 16 prof. Pdf in this paper, an amplifier is designed in the 0. Gain and noise properties of smallsignal erbiumdoped. Pdf a low power high gain low noise amplifier for wireless. In deep saturation at high input power, this gain will drop to 10 db or less. Analyzing gain spectrum and ase amplified spontaneous emission of edfa erbium doped fiber amplifier by using matlab padavala alekhya 1 komaravalli byula grace 2 narisetty sukshitha 3 loka jyothirmai4 b.
The object is to solve for the smallsignal voltage gain, input resistance, and output resistance. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Lecture 27lecture 27 amplifier configurations reading. Instrumentation amplifier opamps a1 and a2 are noninverting configurations that provide high input impedance and voltage gain.
The differential amplifier, in the difference amplifier stage in the opamp, can be used in four configurations. Ase amplified spontaneous emission, erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa, gain modulation, overmodulation. In this paper the results of simulation of erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa characteristics are presented. Rp photonics encyclopedia fiber amplifiers, edfa, ydfa. Gain and noise properties of smallsignal erbiumdoped fiber amplifiers pumped in the 980nm band b. The main difference between the soa and edfa amplifiers is the active area where the gain generation happens. Inverting operational amplifiers working and applications. The gain, ase power and noise figure variations of a fo rward pumped edfa as functions. The gain of an amplifier is a measure of the amplification of an amplifier, i. Analytical solution to calculate the smallsignal singlepass gain of a fiber amplifier. Opamp a3 is used as a unity gain differential amplifier with highprecision resistors that are all equal in value r3 r4 r5 r6 the gain setting resistor, r g is connected externally. Erbium doped fiber amplifier altogether with raman fiber amplifier. Rp photonics encyclopedia erbiumdoped fiber amplifiers. Customized specifications are available upon request.
These high power edfa instruments are 1550nm range cband erbium 1w doped and erbiumytterbium 10w doped fiber amplifiers which offer up to 10 watts of output power. Precision g 100 instrumentation amplifier texas instruments. Introduction to optical amplifiers 917 cannot exceed the pump power. The operational amplifier opamp is a key building block in analog. The voltage gain is positive as the output signal is in phase with the input signal. After an audio signal has been mixed, equalized and otherwise processed at a standardized line level, it is sent to the power amplifier.
Careful attention to component selection and circuit board design allow these 1550nm range edfa s to product high gain at a low noise level. Its 3op amp design and small size make it ideal for a wide range of applications. With the growth of photonic networks, highspeed automatic gain controlled optical fiber amplifiers agcedfas are required to suppress dynamic gain transients caused by the rapid change in input power level to an edfa. A new wideband amplifier technique barrie gilbert, member, ieee 353 absfracfprecision decoupled amplifiers having risetimes of less than a nanosecond have recently been fabricated using the monolithic planar process. At least the loss limitation can be partially canceled out by the introduction of optical. These products are available in a wide variety of gain configurations targeting different output powers. An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first the most common example is the erbium doped fiber amplifier edfa, where the core of a silica the amplification window of an optical amplifier is the range of optical wavelengths for which the amplifier yields a usable gain. In the shown case, the active fiber is pumped with light from two laser diodes bidirectional pumping, although unidirectional pumping in the forward or backward direction codirectional and counterdirectional pumping. The primary difference is that they do not have a resonator. Wu, uc berkeley the voltage gain of a linear circuit is rout is the output resistance of the circuit av. Home forums fiber edfaraman hybrid amplifier gain edfaraman hybrid amplifier gain dennis jacq joined may 2016 participant hi guys, i am currently simulating edfa raman amplifier in terms of output gain base on the journal gain flattening of edfa using hybrid edfa raman amplifier with reduced channel spacing. Gain can be less than one, positive, or negative the gain of a resistor divider is i a. Optimization tool for erbium doped fibre amplifiers.
Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. An op amp amplifies the difference vd v1 v2 between two inputs. Rare earth amplifiers become a major component as an active device in fiber optic communication systems because of there is no requirement of electrooptical conversion during the amplification process. Rf amplifier power gain in radio frequency circuits, the power gain of an amplifier is often more important than the voltage gain. It provides customers with the capability to extend their 100ghz, up to 40channel, 2. The nonlinearity of the edfa gain with temperature is a problem for edfa designers. Apr 09, 2015 the voltage gain of a noninverting amplifier can be made equal to greater than 1. The next time you need, linear video or multiscreen, mpeg, docsis or xphy tm, ip or rf resources to support the operation of multivendor, multitechnology products deployed in your hfc or fttx network, mhz can help choose from a customized package of remote fractional engineering hours you can use over an extended. Pdf design of an ecg signals amplifier with programmable gain. With an external resistor, the ad8223 can be programmed for gains up to. Configurations of differential amplifier brainkart. Flattening filter, the variable gain ranges from 15db to 25db within wide input power range. This makes the module suitable for pre amplifier, inline, and booster applications. Non inverting operational amplifiers working and applications.
Edfa overview the dwdm edfa with jdsu laser pump is a lownoise, gain flattened cband optical erbium doped fiber amplifier edfa which designed to extend the distance in dense wavelengthdivision multiplexing dwdm optical infrastructure. High power 1550nm edfa, erbium doped fiber amplifier, benchtop edfa instruments with adjustable power up to 10 watts. High power 1550nm edfa, erbium doped fiber amplifier. This paper covers calculation of power gain, and provides examples to illustrate important points. The ad844 is free from the slew rate limitations inherent in traditional op amps and other currentfeedback op amps. Basic amplifiers and differential amplifier cse 577 spring 2011 insoo kim, kyusun choi mixed signal chip design lab. Jan 07, 2019 the closedloop voltage gain of a noninverting amplifier is determined by the ratio of the resistors r 1 and r 2 used in the circuit. Measurement of nf requires accurate measurement of the edfa. The radio frequency power amplifier is an electrical device which amplifies the in. The signal to be amplified and a pump laser are multiplexed into the doped fiber, and the signal is amplified through interaction with the doping ions. The input pole is at a much higher frequency than in the ce amplifier, because of the much higher input admittance. Since whatever goes into the circuit was multiplied by 10, the maximum input gain was 1 and the minimum was 0. Chapter iiia the operational amplifier and applications.
The progressive transition towards high capacity, alloptical networks has increased the. Gain saturation is exhibited in the curves shown in figure 9. They are simple to operate, affordable benchtop instruments for laboratory research or manufacturing test applications. It is uses this doped optical fiber as a gain medium to amplify an optical signal. Fiber driver optical amplifier modules provide multifunction, low noise, erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa solutions that are ideal for metro dense wavelength division multiplexing dwdm applications. Edfa, semiconductor optical amplifier soa and fiber raman amplifier.
Among them, the main amplifier technologies are doped fiber amplifier eg. They have high fidelity and are totally immune to crossover distortion. Typical video amplifier circuit there are many different ways in which video amplifiers can be built. Q3 and q4 form the cascode commonemitter, voltage gain stage which generates the full voltage swing of the amplifier. Doped fiber amplifier and fiber laser file exchange. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Ad8223 singlesupply, low cost instrumentation amplifier data. Integrated circuits 4th edition pdf 17775 pdf free ebook download z is the right place for every ebook files. Handbook of operational amplifier applications rev. A typical setup of a simple erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa is shown in figure 1. Since r l and r out form a voltage divider that determines v out, you want r out as small as possible for a voltage amplifier for maximum voltage gain. Handbook of operational amplifier applications bruce carter and thomas r. The most common example is the erbium doped fiber amplifier edfa, where the.
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